The arterial hypertension is a sharp or gradual increase in indicators of internal systolic and diastolic components, which occur as an independent nosological device or a manifestation of another pathology.
According to world statistics, the epidemiological situation in terms of increasing arterial hypertension is unfavorable, because the percentage of this pathology in cardiological profile reaches 30%. With the increase in the growth of the patient, the increase in the risk and results of the increase in the risk and results of the increased risk and the main category of risks is adult and elderly.
The appearance of the symptoms of growing blood pressure in the patient can occur in the background of the existing chronic diseases, and then we talk about an average or symptomatic version of the arterial hypertension. The proportion of an independent nosological form should be used, which is not possible to increase the increase in intravascar blood pressure after a thorough examination of the arterial hypertension and even the patient.
Primary arterial hypertension is observed in almost 90% of blood pressure, and the polyethiological development of this pathological situation is taken into account. Thus, it is impossible for the lack of risk factors (sexual, genetic dysplastism and age for the arterial hypertension), these offensive factors do not dominate the development of severe arterial hypertension. In a higher extent, the development of the initial arterial hypertension affects human lifestyle (balanced nutrition, bad habits, inactivity, psycho). Together, all the above crimes create favorable conditions for the pathogenetic development of the arterial hypertension.
Currently, many pathogenetic theories of the development of important arterial hypertension are considered, despite the fact that these assumptions do not affect the patient's tactics and therapeutic measures. The development of the secondary hypertension should be taken into account in the higher degree, because in this case, you should not expect a positive treatment for the etiological factor that provokes the increase in blood pressure.
Thus, the basic pathogenetic link with the reassecular version of the symptomatic arterial hypertension is the stenosis of a kidney artery that occurred with atherosclerotic lesion or fibrous muscular dysplasia. An extremely rare ethiological factor system affecting the kidney arteries is vasculitis. The result of stenosis is a hyperroduction of the development of one or both kidneys or both kidneys, and a hyperroduction that affects blood pressure.
There is an increase in the level of hormonal substances that have a stimulating blood pressure in the pathogenesis of the development of the development of the etiological of the etiDrine, Celenko-Rush, Conn Syndrome and Feochromocytoma's syndrome. Some cardiovascular diseases can act as a background pathology for the development of secondary arterial hypertension as aortic coscosity.
Clinical manifestations in the initial stage of the arterial hypertension may be completely disappeared, in which case the diagnosis is based solely on the information from the objective and instrumental laboratory examination.
The complaints presented by patients suffering from arterial hypertension are very uneven, and therefore the necessary hypertension debut is much difficult. In most cases, with the arterial hypertension episode, the patient, the preference in the front of the intermediate, especially when changing the body position in space, especially in the space, is concerned with a headache with a pathological noise in the ears. These manifestations are not pathognomonic, so the above symptoms are completely observed in healthy people and have nothing to do with the increase in blood pressure. Classical clinical manifestations in the form of respiratory disorders, symptoms of heartfindership dysfunction are observed only in the farthest stage of the arterial hypertension.
Some ethiopatogicogenic forms of the arterial hypertension are accompanied by the development of special clinical symptoms, in this regard, an experienced specialist can properly establish a proper diagnosis during the initial examination and collects Anamnesis. For example, with a reorium hypertension type, a sharp debut of clinical manifestations is always recorded, which consists of a sharp critical and permanent increase in blood pressure indicators due to the diarylean component. Rerovascular arterial hypertension is not characterized by a statement course, but the best of the patient who is pathological is extremely heavy.
Endocrine arterial hypertension, on the contrary, with the development of classical hypertensive crisis, is characterized by a paroxysmal course of the disease. For this pathology, the patient has a clinical "paroxismal triad" consisting of sharp headaches, pronunciation sweating and rapid palpation development. It has extreme psycho-excitement in patients in pathological condition. The development of a hypertensive crisis, the most common occurs and the duration of clinical manifestations is not more than an hour, then patients celebrate a sharp weakness and dull headache.
It is a condition for determining the severity and intensity of clinical manifestations of the arterial hypertension, as well as the development of the disease, adequate treatment regime. The allocation of the arterial hypertension has been set to increase in systolic and diastolic component, based on both primitive and symptomatic creation.
Patients with an arterial hypertension, which are the rate of 1, in this case, do not pay attention to the violation of their health due to the lack of blood pressure figures more than 159/99 mm. Rt. The art.
2 rate arterial hypertension, clinical manifestations and organic changes in target bodies and blood pressure indicators are in the range of 179/109 mm. Rt. The art.
3 degree disease differs from a very severe aggressive course and a tendency to develop complications from the broken brain and heart function. The third grade was noted that more than 180/110 mm blood pressure was critical. Rt. The art.
In addition to the classification of the arterial hypertension, cardiologists use the stadium of this pathology in practical activities, and the criteria for this are signs of damage to the target authorities.
In the early phase of the arterial hypertension, both primary and average invention, the patient does not have a manifestation of organic lesions that are sensitive to the increase in blood pressure.
The second phase of the disease covers the development of clinical symptoms, and the intensity of manifestation depends on the severity of the damage to the internal organs. In most cases, this stage of this stage of this stage of the arterial hypertension, which is built in the hypertrophic cardiomiopathy of the Economic Cardion and ECG's left-to-blood and blood analysis, ie the level of the creatine in the average growth level plasma.
The third stage of the arterial hypertension is a terminal, which is the development of changes that are not resolved in all organs sensitive to the patient's blood pressure. With the increase in blood pressure, in a person who suffered for a long time, the heart develops IMPTIVE myocardial damage in the formation of infarktion zones. In brain structures, arterial hypertension, transient ischemic attacks, hypertension have a negative effect in the form of provocation and even the focus of the workmic stroke. Input pressure, a long-term system of systemic increase, the result is the result of the optical disk and the formation of bleeds in the edema.
The terminal stage of the development of the arterial hypertension is characterized by an important pressure of the kidney function reflected at the level of the creatine level, which exceeds 177 MKMOL / L.
In studying our clinical and instrumental-laboratories of patients with arterial hypertension, the main goal should not be so much to determine the cause of the development of blood pressure, damage to internal organs, as well as the participation of risk factors for the development of the heart profile complications.
With the initial contact with a patient key to diagnose the correct diagnosis and setting the subsequent treatment tactics, a comprehensive collection of the patient's anamnestic data is a comprehensive collection. An objective examination of a patient suffering from arterial hypertension allows you to determine the etiopatogenetic form of disease due to the detection of special pathognomonic signs. Thus, a disease connected to the diastolic component of hypertriosis, hypertriosis, hypertriosis, hypertonism, hypercoholic pressure in a patient should be combined in the diastolic component of the diastology. With the pochromositoma, which is accompanied by violent paroxysmal arterial hypertension, the use of pigmentation in the skin of the skin is observed. Removascular Arterial Hypertension The main diagnostic clinical criterion is auscultation of vascular noise in the projection of nearby region.
The volume of laboratory research methods for the arterial hypertension, the main criteria for the patient's lipidogram analysis, kidney dysfunction, the patient's hydsal status analysis consists of the identification of urineic acid and creatinine.
A necessary condition to determine the stage of the disease is diagnosed with the lesions of the target organs, ie the development of irreversible changes due to the increase in blood pressure. Thus, impaired activities and organic lesions, electrocardiographic registration and ultrasonic visualization are used, which is part of a standard examination of all patients suffering from arterial hypertension. The patient's eye should be examined mainly for a long time to detect retinopathy with heavy arterial hypertension. It is important that the diagnostic measures are not included in the mandatory list of the renations and brains, but significantly simplifying the early diagnosis (calculated tomography, magnetic resonance image).
The main modern approach to the therapy of arterial hypertension is to achieve maximum removal of the development of the heart profile and death levels. In this regard, the participating doctor's priority, arterial hypertension and consignant clinical manifestations are completely eliminating the existing risk factors in the patient by suspending drugs. There is a certain standard of blood pressure to achieve the target boundary, indicators of this should not exceed 140/90 mm HG
In what cases should antihyperivensensive therapy be used for arterial hypertension? In their experience, cardiologists use the developed classification, which provides for the patient's "risk of risk of cardiovascular complications". According to this classification, using a change of lifestyle and drug correction, a curing treatment, along with critical increase in blood pressure numbers, is subject to the risk of gravity of the cardiac profile. Patients who belong to the average and low risk category can be observed at least three months and apply to antihypertensive treatment in the absence of use of only adjustment methods.
The principles of the arterial hypertension are a gradual decrease in blood pressure to target numbers with the method of using a minimum therapeutic dose of medicines, one or more hypotensive drugs. In some cases, monotherapy, a low dose of a hypotensive drug, can have a long positive impact on the relief of the arterial hypertension. Currently, the pharmaceutical market is extensive hypotensive effects (up to 24 hours) combined medicinal groups are full of antihypertensive drugs.
Diametic effects should be preferred to a broad positive impact on the form of a choice, the reduction of cardiovascular complications, deaths, death, as well as the progress of heartial hypertrophic changes in the arterial hypertension. The pharmacological effect accompanied by a slight reduction in blood pressure is determined by a decrease in water and sodium reappearance and reduction of vascular resistance.
The choice of a diuretic drug depends on the positive diseases in the patient. Thus, it is combined with the symptoms of arterial hypertension, heart and kidney failure, these dams should be preferred to diuretic drugs. Tiazide Diuretic items can provoke the development of hypocalemic syndrome with long use, and therefore it is better to use them together with aldosterone antagonists.
It is recommended to use a group of water blocks from a group of water blockers, in a situation, in a position to the patient's taxery, angina attacks and a combination of a fraudulent nature of a fraudulent heart. These drugs are the mechanism of antihypertenensive influence, heart broadcasting and reducing the inhibition of renon products. The absence of this group's medication is the lack of compliance, this group can be a decrease in heart rate and bronchoconstricor frequency, which is definitely a sign to cancel the drug and betting.
Patients suffering from arterial hypertension against proteinuria are recommended. The two ways in the patient in the patient in the patient to use the group of ACE inhibitors are definitely a kidney stenosis. II receptors II receptors II receptorship of antagonists, a similar hypotensive effects that do not cause the development of an anhioneurotic nature of anhioneurotic nature that significantly expand their applications.
Calcium channel blockers group medicines gives a pronunciation effect that allows you to suspend the arterial hypertension due to a decrease in calcium in the vascular wall. The category to determine the medication of this group is mainly in the development of angina attacks in the development of angina attacks, is elderly patients who observe the symptoms of IMC. In cardiological practice, only long-term extension of calcium canal blockers are used, only long-term extension of calcium antagonists significantly increase the provocative risk of a sharp myocardial heart attack.
The arterial hypertension in the patient is recommended to use the calcium category of phenylas and benzozepin, in a situation with violations of heart activity. The use of this category of this category is an absolute reflection, the patient's heart failure and less than 45% of the emission faction.
Separately, the medication of the hypertension crisis should be taken into account, there is a critical increase in the sharp courses of intravascular pressure and arterial hypertension. In this case, with a progress of a hypertension crisis, this situation is very stretched, the risk of fatalism increases sharply. The patient's parenteral path, which has a hypotensive effect, with signs of a complex hypertension crisis, is preferred. The majority of hypotensive agents are produced in parenteral forms. As a rule, the hypotensive influence occurs no later than 5 minutes from the drug management.
In the event of an unevented hypertensive crisis, there is no need to use the parenteral forms of antihypertensive drugs, because in this pathological situation there is no critical increase in blood pressure. Adequate dose allows antihypertenensive agents to reduce the pressure and protect the pressure in the future in a few hours. Of course, many methods that currently stop many of a hypertension crisis, the planned scheme of antihypertensional therapy should be applied regularly to exclude the development of complications.
In the patient, the arterial hypertension is developing a moderately moderate medium and kidney arteries in nature, the main method of main treatment is to correct the operation of stenosis and revascularization by angioplasty. Operational instructions for renovascular arterial hypertension (Bypass Bypass, EntercromTommy) are used only for reference instructions available to the use of angioplasty. If the patient has a aggressive departure of arterial hypertension due to severe unilateral nephrosclerosis, the only treatment is a nephrectomy.
Endocrine secondary hypertension, combination of surgical treatment (radical equity of tumors) and drug antihypertensional therapy (200 mg of doses of 200 mg daily with primary aldosteronicism)
In addition to increasing the risk of growing hypertension, the growing hypertension also applies to healthy people, but also to healthy people, but also to healthy people.
A scientifically proven fact is a direct correlation dependence of blood pressure in human body weight, so normalization of a person suffering from arterial hypertension is the main priority prophylactic measure. In addition, compliance with food behavior adjustment helps to prevent atherosclerotic vascular lesions from one of the main reasons for the arterial hypertension.
Recent research in the field of pharmacology, OMEGA-3-3-gauged fatty acids, which can be considered an effective method for preventing the arterial hypertension, proved the useful impact of OMEGA-3-3-3 lush fatty acids. Taking into account these results, you should use sufficient amount of olive oil and you must dramatically limit animal fat.
Of course, if you want to save the manifestations of the arterial hypertension, you need to give up bad habits in the form of smoking and alcohol, because nicotine and alcohol particles can even increase the blood pressure in microstas.
Individuals who mark the arterial hypertension episodes such as medium-scale measures, should be measured in daily blood pressure, reflecting the effectiveness of drugs used and worsen the doctor, if new clinical manifestations are deteriorating.
Arterial hypertension - which doctor will help? With the development or suspicion or suspicion of the arterial hypertension, such doctors should look for such doctors as a cardiologist, endocrinologist and nephrologists.